How I Bought an 8-Unit Apartment Building with No Money Down and Walked Away with $1000 Cash at Closing
Published on - January 19th, 2010 (by Adam Baker) This article is by staff writer Adam Baker. Baker recently outlined his ambitious 2010 goals for his blogging, business, and life.
When I was 23, I bought an eight-unit apartment building with no money down. And I walked away with $1,000 cash at closing! Sounds pretty fancy, right? Wrong.
It was one of the dumbest (and riskiest) moves I’ve made in my young life.
I escaped without a scratch, but it was due to an over-sized dose of sweat, tears, and luck. None of it was due to savvy investing skills.
The sound and the fury
I was 23 years old and had just earned my real-estate license the previous year. My first couple of months were spent buying and selling a few upper-end units for individual homeowners. The commissions were decent, but as a new Realtor my split with my company was high. To complicate the problem, I had financed my association, training, and union fees to get started. (This was before I had decided to cancel my credit cards.)
After several months, I began to work more in the booming foreclosure and short-sale markets that were plaguing central Indiana. Out-of-state lawyers, doctors, and other high-income earners (mostly from the West Coast) were swarming our local market.
They were buying up $30,000, $40,000, and $50,000 houses like they were toys — albeit over-priced, over-financed, and only half-functioning toys at best. With rents ranging from $400-$1000, they simply couldn’t resist what their spreadsheets were telling them the return would be. They bought many of the homes site unseen and used the first real-estate company that would sell to them.
We represented a lot of the banks that had no idea about the local market prices, nor the current condition of their properties (even after we told them several times). Well over half the deals fell through. Either the banks were too unrealistic to negotiate, or a closing would be interrupted by the discovery of a mystery lien, a second mortgage no one knew about, or some other problem with the title that we didn’t even know was possible!
It was harder work for lower commission, but there were hundreds upon hundreds of properties, which helped even out the paychecks from month to month.
Property management comes calling
After most of the out-of-town investors closed on their new rentals, they began searching for a company to manage/rent them. After several dozen requests for an affordable and trustworthy property management company (and no clear-cut option), we decided to start offering the service ourselves.
I joined forces with a broker who spent his time focusing on acquiring more leads for buying/selling. I set about figuring out how to actively manage and rent the vacant units (which almost always needed repairs first).
Since many of our clients were repeat customers already, they were ecstatic to have the option of having their properties managed by us in-house. Within just six months or so we had over 125 units under management.
I was working countless hours and answering the most bizarre phone calls you can imagine at all hours of the night. Overall, though, we were turning a profit and looking for ways to scale our system over the next couple of quarters.
A perfect storm
As part of our networking and lead-generation work, we regularly attended private meetings where local brokers would pitch each other their current clients wants and needs. In one particular meeting, another broker was pitching one of his own properties for sale. It was two side-by-side four-plexes (eight units total) with each unit being one bedroom. It was in a low-income part of town, but he was only asking $125,000 for both properties.
“$125,000 for eight units?”, I thought. “There has to be a catch.”
There was. Seven of the eight units had tenants, but only three had any history of paying on time. Even after kicking out any non-paying tenants, each unit would need a couple thousand dollars of work to get anything decent in rent. In addition, there were four furnaces in total all of which were probably made in the 40s or 50s.
In other words, it was a project by anyone’s terms. It would require some up-front repairs, several months of eviction filings, court visiting, and re-showing the units, but… “$125,000 for eight units!”
If only someone would loan me the money…
I dug deeper and deeper into the numbers. I was already managing property, coordinating repairs, negotiating prices on materials, and renting units for dozens of other clients. It made sense that if I could get a loan, I could plug a property right into this current system I was running.
That was a big glaring issue, though. Neither my partner nor I was credit-worthy in any sense of the word. The chance of me getting approved for a mortgage was zilch (let alone a non-owner occupied, low-income commercial loan). With regret, I pushed the property to the back of my mind and continued about the process of building the management business.
At our next networking meeting, though, we caught wind of some additional news on the properties. The broker who owned them was in serious trouble on about a dozen different pieces of real estate. He owed $76,000 on both the buildings, which were financed through a popular investor/hard-money lender.
The private lender was getting scared that the investor would soon default (giving the lender a property he wanted nothing to do with) and the owner was only looking to get out of the property, so he could focus his energy on his salvaging his other properties.
Without much thinking, we pulled the trigger.
A bold offer
We called up the private lender (an individual) who was currently financing the properties and pitched him the idea of us taking over the loan and purchasing the property from the current desperate owner. We offered to both sign onto the loan, giving the investor two names opposed to the one he currently had and showed how we would remedy the situation, evict all the tenants, and plug it into our management system.
Neither of us had a penny to our names, so we even had the guts to require that the private lender actually invest more money into the property. In order for us to take it over he’d have to loan us an additional $15,000 to replace the furnaces and repair two of the units after evictions.
It was a bold offer. We’d give nothing but a management plan and our signatures on a $91,000 private mortgage (at 12%) for eight units and a $16,000 cash loan. The lender must have known even more about the current owner’s dire circumstances then we did, because he took our offer. The current owner was happy to get out for what was owed, and within the week we sat down to close.
After the paperwork was signed on my first-ever real estate purchase I was handed a $1000 check (for prorated rents/deposits for the month). I gave nothing tangible, just my worthless signature, and walked to the bank to deposit the money.
“So this is how real estate works”, I gloated. “I could get used to this.”
I had no idea what was in store…
To be continued…
J.D.’s note: This is a glimpse into a world I’ve always wondered about. Though Kris keeps trying to dissuade me, I have a fascination with rental properties. I look forward to reading part two of this story. And although GRS is not about to be come a real-estate blog, this Sunday’s reader story is actually about how one of you folks decided to take the plunge by buying a rental property, so we’re going to have a mini-theme here for a week or so…
This article is about Advanced, House and Home, Investing, Real-Life
SEARCH FOR RECENT ARTICLES




I too eagerly await the continuation.
loading....
i used to own rental property before so i can tell where this story is going to end.
NEGATIVE CASH FLOW MONTH AFTER MONTH!
loading....
I have been in the low income rental business for the past year and a half here in Syracuse.
Screening tenants is very important – you’d be surprised that the nicest seeming people have been evicted multiple times.
A lot of our properties are on programs like section 8 where the rent is paid by the government and not the tenant themselves. These tend to be more successful, though you do have to learn how to get the buildings ready for inspections and navigate through seemingly endless red tape.
Some of our tenants have payees, who take the tenants checks and pay the rent and bills, and give the rest to the tenants in cash. This is a good solution for people with SSD or SSI income who do not have the level of maturity to pay their rent.
Most of our landlords are making a profit. If you are willing to settle for a lower profit margin, you can usually make a bigger profit margin in reality. You have to spend enough on maintaining the apartments or you will not get quality tenants. People willing to live in a place with badly stained carpets, broken cupboards and dirty walls are not going to take care of your property or pay rent. People buy super cheap places and don’t want to fix them up, that’s a problem. We are not miracle workers.
Now I don’t just rent the properties, I deal with a lot of repairs, especially for properties with a lot of building codes problems. That is another issue people don’t think of. If the tenants are unhappy they can call the codes dept and you will have to fix stuff, even if it’s the tenants who broke it. That’s very frustrating.
I really like my job, and I’m going to be buying my own investment property soon. In Syracuse you can buy rental properties under 50k for a two unit easily. I’m going to look for tenants who are on section 8 and have good references. Since I work in this area I know who to go to for the work, the best area to buy the properties and what areas to avoid. I know what you have to do to get them to pass Section 8 and I think that I’ll be successful.
loading....
Hi,
I have a rental property and have had no issues with tenants.
I rent my house to the Department of Housing. They rent it out to people on pensions. They pay me market rent with no agent fees, they pay for all tenant damage.
I have had no issues with maintenance. They do six monthly checks and let me know of any issues and I fix them. They have a list of my preferred contacts for plumbing, electricity and call them on my behalf.
I put the rent up every two years by five percent and so far have had no issues.
Thanks
Sarah
loading....
Really it’s just like any other investment method, there are those who believe the people that claim this is the best thing since sliced bread and that it will make you money with your eyes closed and little effort.
The best investments are those that you fully understand and have as much control over as possible.
Be sure to visit http://www.Dollarcommentary.com!
loading....
For anyone considering rental real estate, a great way to get started with rental real estate is to look into buying a duplex or house with a MIL. Live in one side and rent out the other. It’s less risky than buying a completely separate property.
Advantages: living on the property is convenient if there are any issues, and the tenant you rent to will likely treat the property better (not always, but usually). And obviously the rental upside of getting money to help with your mortgage, savings, or investing.
Disadvantages: Less privacy than a single family home (although getting that first rent check has a way of making you forget that disadvantage
. Also dealing with maintenance/landlord duties. However if you buy a good unit and get a good tenant, this is not as overwhelming as it seems.
We purchased a beautiful home in Seattle (6 bdrm, 4 bath) which includes a two bedroom MIL unit. We did this in February 2009, during the depths of the recession – which resulted in a great deal for us. We put $10K into the rental unit for new kitchen appliances and adding a washer/dryer, but we will make that money back within 11 months.
If there is one thing to say about owning rental units – you absolutely must screen tenants. Must must must. We used a great online screening tool we found through our local Rental Housing Association. We got a great tenant who pays on time and is respectful of our property.
With the rental money coming in we are saving up for another rental property in the area. Our experience has been very positive, and we hope it will continue to provide income for us.
loading....
Thanks for the awesome post Baker. Looking forward to Pt. 2
loading....
I can definitely relate to what Adam is facing, as I have rental units in that area as well. I am curious to see how it worked out for him.
It was, and continues to be a learning experience for me. To those who think it is easy money, I say don’t even put your money in, as you are sure to lose it. You have to be diligent with everything you do, from researching the property prior to purchase, to checking for repairs, screening clients, collecting rents, hiring people to do work, etc.
I think poster #10 was right on the money with what they said. You have to treat it as a business, because it is, especially according to the IRS. You will get out of it, what you put into it.
To the person who said that purchasing with little down was a bad idea, I have to disagree. If you have a clear idea going in, of your profit potential, and the effort involved, and it is a good property, then from a business perspective, it makes sense to invest as little money as possible in order to minimize your risk and maximize return on investment. On that note, this is not a get rich quick type of investment. Indiana has some good value, but even there, you get what you pay for both with cheap vs mid priced properties, and the tenants that you choose to rent to.
I personally am still am getting the bugs out, and am not in the profit stage as yet. I will get there, as the learning curve has been steep, brutal even, but effective. Even with the troubles I’ve had, and having my eyes open more, I still see it as a long-term positive investment opportunity, though one that needs more care and involvement than others.
loading....
My parents were really smart and started buying apartments in Boston before the real estate prices exploded. The market in Boston hasn’t really been effected as hard as other areas also. It pays for individuals to do their homework and know your properties before you just head first.
loading....
Great story! Don’t make it a real-estate blog but don’t hesitate to add much more real-estate into the mix as it is a great addition to those of us (myself included) who are new to real estate but are in the game!
I will wait patiently (NOT) for the sequel!!!
loading....
Here is a good article for y’all to read before taking the rental plunge. It’s titled The Accidental Slumlord.
http://www.newsweek.com/id/201838
To me it’s just not worth all of the hassle for what seem to be pretty slim profits.
loading....
My family owns a number of rental properties including a 55 unit luxury apartment complex, and I will say this:
I would be hesitant about buying now unless you will have the cash to put in to the building right now. Why? Rents are way down, lots of competition, and you will probably need money to fix (and over 20% down).
Most buildings also don’t take in to account in the cap rate management costs. I dunno about you, but having been a business manager for the 55 unit building? Yea, not my cup of tea to get calls at all hour of the day and night, and maintenance is a b*tch, even when you have someone full time to do it.
I will say though, if the price were right I would absolutely go by a 4 or 8 plex in the right area (not a low income one!) for the right price. But…I have been around property management and know how much it can suck, so I know what I would be getting in to.
loading....
I’m excited to read the next post. Thanks
loading....
I came up with the perfect failing formula when I wanted to go into real estate:
1) Rent to the first tenant who comes along without any screening. (My tenant had all kinds of bad credit and I had no idea.)
2) Have no emergency money to cover vacancy problems.
3) Buy at market value, not a penny less.
4) Give almost nothing down.
5) Take no deposit.
6) Buy in the poorest side of the town.
The result, the destructive tenants moved away without warning. I knocked at their door when the rent check did not arrive. The next-door neighbor told me, “they moved away recently.” When my wife and I walked in, there were holes everywhere in the house. One door had been destroyed, a ceiling fan was missing and the master bedroom had some 10 holes just in the ceiling for some reason.
The end.
loading....
I’m reading post # 49. Up to 24 months to evict? In my opinion, and I am not a landlord anymore, 24 months is a system that basically rewards the irresponsible. It sounds evil to me. I was a tenant before, and I sleep well at night knowing that I left the place actually better than when I found it, and I mailed my rent check a couple of days earlier than the due date each month. But I was raised by the two most honest people I have ever known, and I am lucky to call them mom and dad. Also, I am not from the entitlement generation that we now have. This generation thinks it’s entitled to handouts. Hey, you are a mean landlord if you expect your rent on time. It seems like times are changing, and changing to worse. And that’s “change” we can’t live with, so watch out!
loading....
I am intrigued by rental properties as well, even though I know they can be a nightmare to maintain and tenants are hit or miss. Still, it’d be really nice to collect rent checks every month. I know that Dave Ramsey advises to only pay cash for rental properties, but that singles out the very wealthy to owning rental properties. Maybe if you were picking them up for 40 to 50k, then paying cash is do-able.
loading....
Real estate is a funny thing. In some ways it’s like what Warren Buffett used to do– do a zillion hours of research first, and buy all of a great company. Because you own the thing directly, there are no corporate shenanigans with creative accounting and off-the-balance-sheet liabilities. There are no intermediate stages in which the actual owner of the revenue source takes this part of the revenue for bonuses and that for insurance at a questionably necessary level and the other for fees, and only then decides whether to pay you anything as a dividend.
On the other hand, because you’re in among the nuts and bolts of the whole thing, you have to learn to do a lot of stuff by doing it. Background checks, being basically a general contractor, appealing the real estate tax valuation, dealing with insurance yourself, worrying about fire codes, getting trashy and possibly violent nonpayers evicted. It’s definitely work, but the profit in it is comes from the fact that many people look at the work and think, “Ugh, too complicated for me.”
Good post; I’m looking forward to the next part.
loading....
We have two rental properties (4 tenants total) and they are a LOT of work. I do a lot of stuff myself but man, being a wife, Mom to four kids and a landlord sure makes life busy.
I’m not so much interested in how someone gets into that situation, more like, how they hang on. We probably go into debt $5,000 per property each year. Sure it’ll pay off when we retire and we might be (personal) mortgage free in 10 years (we are 30yo now) but it’s still a high price to pay.
loading....
Baker, cool post! Many people are fearful of real estate investing because it can be risky. Two rules that are used on the real estate investing website biggerpockets.com that work well are the 2% Rule & the 50% Rule.
2% Rule: If you cannot get 2% of the purchase price in monthly rent, it will not cash flow (ex. $100,000 dollar property must rent for at least $2,000 a month)
50% Rule: Expenses such as bad tenants, repairs, insurance, ect, will eat up 50% of your profits.
These are just quick baseline rules to gauge whether a property is a good investment or not. You also have to consider location and your overall investment strategy. Using the above math and guessing you were getting $500 dollars in rent for each unit, you purchase would cash flow at 14% a year. However, because of the already existing bad tenants and potential high expense repairs this doesn’t sound like a property worth saving! Bad tenants are everywhere, but generally low income housing is very difficult for first time RE Investors. My strategy is to invest in single family rentals in quality towns, that will hopefully attract better tenants.
Single family rentals are typically better stepping stones for those interested in the rental game. You generally get better tenants and their are more escape routes if your plan goes sour. You can only sell a multi-family to an investor, while a single family can be sold to anyone increasing the liquidity of the property if you need to get it off your hands.
Just like any investment, if you do your homework and research your market real estate investing can be an excellent way to get rich slowly. I look forward to part II of this article.
loading....
It kinda rhymes with what I have figured out already, that real estate investing is really a business rather than a “passive” investment.
loading....
It’ll be interesting to see how this plays out, especially since the economy today is nothing like the one that enabled you to get that apartment complex!
loading....
I did the same thing. 24yrs old, i bought a 2 unit duplex, the year after i bought my first house.
I paid 46k for it (minimum that hte bank would lend is 50k), so with a side deal, i financed 105% (included closing) and walked away with almost 3k.
Luckily i sold it a few years later and broke even. Made a little cash at tax time over the years, bad move. Young and nothing can happen to you, i could do it now smarter than i did then. But I think smarter would be to use my money elsewhere and let others be teh slum lords…
loading....
The guy who wrote this story had absolutely no business getting a loan for this property. Zero down on a commercial building that needed work? And the guy didn’t have any money to make the repairs? Wow.
I know that fortune favors the bold, but this is ridiculous. And then we wonder why there was such a massive bubble in real estate.
loading....
@Dave-
I don’t know your background, but it sounds like you might be a little sheltered from the real world.
When people don’t pay their rent/mortgages, they get kicked out of the house/apartment.
As a landlord, I’m not going to put MY family out on the streets so that some deadbeat can have a nice place to live rent-free.
loading....
Awesome. I really want to get into RE to develop some passive income streams. To get rich slowly, it will help to have passive income streams. You can always cut expenses, but increasing income is the other option. I look forward to more first hand experience stories in RE.
loading....
Brian, rentals are not passive. They are a hell of a lot of work. I guess if you want to change tenants every couple months and be in the courts more then out then you’d make a great passive income.
Just not worth it. Put your time and energy into it because that’s all you get that’s free from any income property.
loading....
I have already posted once here regarding my bad experience with tenants who moved away and left many holes in the walls and without paying the last month. But I also assume full responsibility because I failed to screen the tenants. I was desperate to rent it, I was out of funds and the mortgage was due.
But I did rent another house I had once using a property management company. The house was not in a poor area, and the family was screened and had great credit. What I didn’t expect was something like, “Hello, we need a second water heater, this one can’t keep up.” They were having several relatives spending the night for days, and of course a regular water heater can’t keep up with 12 people taking long showers. Also, they decided to turn down the sprinklers to the point that the grass started dying. They were picky.
Another phone call, “the laundry room feels a little too cold.”
During a very hot summer day, I received a phone call from the lady. She said the air conditioner wasn’t working right, and that the air wasn’t cold. I hung up the phone and drove by the house. The front door was totally open. Her kids ran in and out and left the front door totally open the whole time when it was 100 degrees outside. What air-conditioner can keep up with that? *sigh* (There, my blood pressure is going up writing this.)
By the time they moved out, the wear and tear on the house wasn’t too bad, but don’t expect to find tenants that will take care of your house like you would. I had to change some of the flooring (we wore no shoes in the house when we lived there, tenants could care less), so there was no chance for any profit there. You better not get into real estate with the idea that you will survive having a big loan on the property whose rent income is about the price of the rent. One vacancy problem can give you ulcers. I don’t think 20% as a down payment is nearly enough. Now, if it’s paid for, or your mortgage is VERY low compared to the rent, and do you what your are supposed to do to screen prospective tenants accordingly, then I think it might be worth it. It wasn’t worth it, and I was lucky to sell both houses.
You better have a very big emergency fund before you even consider real estate, and you better come up with a very decent down payment so you don’t have to live with a rope around your neck month after month. Expect some property damage with every tenant you have regardless. Expect a more accelerated wear and tear on your property. Expect to have picky tenants, or worse. The “it’s not my house” attitude is standard with most tenants, even the better ones. There are exceptions, but they don’t come a dime a dozen.
Passive income? There is no such thing in my opinion. I believe most tenants are a problem one way or another.
loading....
Geez, what a cliffhanger! I’m not sure I’d really have the cohones to do a business deal such as that. I’m eager to hear part deux!
I took the safer route of moving and keeping my first home as a rental. I did take some equity out of that home, but still have a ton of equity left in it (bought it in 97 and lived there 11 years). But we played it safe – between the mortgage on our our home, the rental, and the home eq loan, that’s 35% of our income. We have no other debt, so we feel comfortable with the debt load. I agree, have plenty of cash on hand for those emergencies, they are going to occur!
The rental only provides $35 cash flow monthly, but the key is – we are using other people’s money to build our RE investment. Hugely important: do not cut corners on doing thorough research on prospective tenants, and include credit scores & job histories. If anything seems out of line, or there’s too much song & dance, we move on. We also do most of the repairs and maintainance (which we enjoy); that allows us to be on the property for inspections. However, our wonderful tenant is appreciative of our attention and it’s a pleasant exchange.
Remember, it’s a business, and must be treated as such. But businesses are also about building relationships, strengthening communications, and networking. I don’t look at RE investing any differently. It’s not for everyone, it’s definitely more hands on than most other investing, but for us, it’s rewarding.
loading....
Part 2 please!!
In the Seattle area, rents are no where near the deflated values & cash positive is still an unhill climb for anyone just getting in. Know what you’re getting into at auction. Been there, done that ;-(
loading....
In regards to poster #69.
2% of the purchase price in rental returns, gosh, I wish I lived there.
Where can you get that kind of return????
I currently make between 0.3 and 0.4% of purchase price in monthly rent.
But that is the problem with rent in Australia, it is sooooooo much lower than your mortgage will ever be for the same property.
I rent out my 300k house for $912 per month. That is considered a HIGH rent for the area. I am extremely luckly to be getting that.
S
loading....
How do you find the continuation of the story?
GRS could definitely do a better job at linking to the continuing posts or somehow adding a common header that can be searched for, etc.
As far as I can see there is no good way to easily find the next installment of the story.
Am I wrong?
loading....
It took a ridiculous amount of searching, but i found Part 2 of this article if anyone else is looking:
http://www.getrichslowly.org/blog/2010/02/02/lessons-learned-from-rushing-into-real-estate-investing/
loading....